First, the water and electrolyte handling: Children renal insufficiency. Rare must limit intake. And brain due to "thirsty Center" to adjust. Unless the development of end-stage renal dialysis shall be used. Never very large part of the children with an appropriate diet can maintain normal sodium balance when renal insufficiency. Some patients because of anatomical abnormalities generated renal insufficiency. Lost a lot of sodium from the urine. Shall be supplied by the diet soda; anti-this patient has high blood pressure. Must limit sodium edema or congestive heart recession. Sometimes combined with furosemide. 1 ~ 4mg / (kg · 24h).
Second, renal failure diet: When children glomerular filtration to 50 percent below normal. Children's growth rate is reduced. The main reason has to obtain the heat is not feet. Though not know when renal insufficiency. How much is the right amount of heat to obtain. But perhaps the heat get to do as well as or higher than the sick child's age group. Available unrestricted carbohydrate diet increased caloric get as sugar. Jam. Honey. Glucose polymers and fatty acids such as medium-chain triglyceride oil. Subject the patient can tolerate.
Third, renal osteodystrophy bad: When there hyperphosphatemia. Hypocalcemia. Rising levels of parathyroid endocrine and serum alkaline phosphatase activity increased when. Often with renal osteodystrophy bad. Generally, when the glomerular filtration rate is low to the normal 30%. The rise in serum phosphorus levels. Serum calcium decreased. Four-shaped gland near secondary hyperparathyroidism. Hyperphosphatemia available low phosphorus diet to control. Calcium bicarbonate can also be used to accelerate or antacids oral phosphorus discharged from the intestinal tract. Children also should be noted that aluminum poisoning doubt. Subject to regular monitoring of serum aluminum levels.
Fourth, anemia: stable at most of the patients hemoglobin 60 ~ 90g / L (6 ~ 9g / dl). Do not need a blood transfusion. Such as hemoglobin less than 60g / L is careful input (variable less dangerous small amount of blood circulation overload.) RBC 10ml / kg.
Five, high blood pressure: High blood pressure can be an emergency situation sublingual nifedipine or by intravenous injection of diazoxide that buck triazine (5mg / kg maximum dose 300mg injection within 10 seconds.). Can give furosemide (2 ~ 4mg / kg. Speed of 4mg / min), high blood pressure complicated by severe blood circulatory overload. Renal insufficiency. Be careful application of sodium nitroprusside. Due to the accumulation of toxic thiocyanate.
More than five points is about the rules of treatment of kidney failure in children is simple to explain, in normal life should pay special attention, good self-awareness, if there are friends of the above questions, you can free consultation in our hospital kidney specialists,
Expert Hotline is Viber / Whatsapp: +8615131171391.
